Cf: Survey of Semiotics, Semiosis, Sign Relations • 4 https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2023/04/05/survey-of-semiotics-semiosis-sign… All, C.S. Peirce defines “logic” as “formal semiotic”, using “formal” to distinguish the role of logic as a normative science, over and above the more descriptive study of signs in the wild and their antics at large. Understanding logic as Peirce understood it therefore requires a companion study of semiotics, semiosis, and sign relations. This is a Survey ( https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/surveys/ ) of blog and wiki resources on the theory of signs, variously known as semeiotic or semiotics, and the actions referred to as semiosis which transform signs among themselves in relation to their objects, all as based on C.S. Peirce's concept of triadic sign relations. Note. Please follow the above link for the full set of resources. I'll post just a sample of basics below. Elements • Semeiotic ( https://oeis.org/wiki/Semeiotic ) • Sign Relations ( https://oeis.org/wiki/Sign_relation ) Sources C.S. Peirce • On the Definition of Logic https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2012/06/01/c-s-peirce-on-the-definition-of-l… C.S. Peirce • Logic as Semiotic https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2012/06/04/c-s-peirce-logic-as-semiotic/ C.S. Peirce • Objective Logic https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2012/03/09/c-s-peirce-objective-logic/ Blog Series • Semeiotic ( https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2008/07/30/semeiotic/ ) Regards, Jon ( https://mathstodon.xyz/@Inquiry )