Alex, Thanks for the list of applications of LANGUAGE-based LLMs. It is indeed impressive. We all agree on that. But mathematics, physics, computer science, neuroscience, and all the branches of cognitive science have shown that natural languages are just one of an open-ended variety of left-brain ways of thinking. LLMs haven't scratched the surface of the methods of thinking by the right brain and the cerebellum. The left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex has about 8 billion neurons. The right hemisphere has another 8 billion neurons that are NOT dedicated to language. And the cerebellum has about 69 billion neurons that are organized in patterns that are totally different from the cerebrum. That implies that LLMs are only addressing 10% of what is going on in the human brain. There is a lot going on in that other 90%. What kinds of processes are happening in those regions? Science makes progress by asking QUESTIONS. The biggest question is how can you handle the open-ended range of thinking that is not based on natural languages. Ignoring that question is NOT scientific. As the saying goes, when the only tool you have is a hammer, all the world is a nail. We need more tools to handle the other 90% of the brain -- or perhaps updated and extended variations of tools that have been developed in the past 60+ years of AI and computer science. I'll say more about these issues with more excerpts from the article I'm writing. But I appreciate your work in showing the limitations of the current LLMs. John ---------------------------------------- From: "Alex Shkotin" <alex.shkotin(a)gmail.com> John, English LLM is the flower on the tip of the iceberg. Multilingual LLMs are also being created. The Chinese certainly train more than just English-speaking LLMs. You can see the underwater structure of the iceberg, for example, here https://huggingface.co/datasets (1). Academic claims against inventors are possible. But you know the inventors: it works! It's funny that before that hype LLM meant Master of Laws:-) Alex (1)