Differential Propositional Calculus • 3
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All,
Casual Introduction (cont.)
Figure 3 returns to the situation in Figure 1, but this time
interpolates a new quality specifically tailored to account
for the relation between Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Figure 3. Back, To The Future
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This new quality, dq, is an example of a “differential quality”,
since its absence or presence qualifies the absence or presence
of change occurring in another quality. As with any other quality,
it is represented in the venn diagram by means of a “circle”
distinguishing two halves of the universe of discourse, in this
case, the portions of X outside and inside the region dQ.
Figure 1 represents a universe of discourse, X, together with
a basis of discussion, {q}, for expressing propositions about
the contents of that universe. Once the quality q is given
a name, say, the symbol “q”, we have the basis for a formal
language specifically cut out for discussing X in terms of q.
This language is more formally known as the propositional
calculus with alphabet {“q”}.
In the context marked by X and {q} there are just four distinct
pieces of information which can be expressed in the corresponding
propositional calculus, namely, the constant proposition False,
the negative proposition ¬q, the positive proposition q, and the
constant proposition True.
For example, referring to the points in Figure 1, the constant
proposition False holds of no points, the negative proposition ¬q
holds of a and d, the positive proposition q holds of b and c, and
the constant proposition True holds of all points in the sample.
Figure 3 preserves the same universe of discourse and extends
the basis of discussion to a set of two qualities, {q, dq}.
In corresponding fashion, the initial propositional calculus
is extended by means of the enlarged alphabet, {“q”, “dq”}.
Regards,
Jon
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